1 Changing times, changing ways The concept of the soul Communication with animals An obsession with hierarchy The concept of animism Darwin’s impact Testing self-awareness Problem areas Catholicism recognises an animal soul Body chemistry Reactions to grief Rituals Expressions of grief differ 2 Why get emotional? Different judgements A degree of control Biological parameters and grief Parental bonding, aggression, and emotion Grieving studies Do animals go through stages of grief? New thinking Is it possible to detect grief? 3 Wild observations Expressions of anger and grief? Other encounters Misplaced affection Memories and grief Elephant graveyards A physiological explanation Ongoing studies Mourning the dead Crying Something missed? Close quarters Talking about loss Avian conundrums Grieving corvids Watchful parrots 4 Companion animals Loyalty in death Different interpretations Another similar instanc Grief-struck Loyalty after death Staying put Canine grieving Feline perspectives Bird talk Missing you Radical thoughts Difficulties in this field of study In conclusion